CHARACTERISTICS OF CLAY ROCKS OF THE POLOZHSK’S DEPOSIT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32851/tnv-tech.2021.3.14Keywords:
clay, kaolinite, IR spectra, X-ray phase analysis, scanning microscopyAbstract
Natural clay minerals with given characteristics are promising materials for solving a range of relevant scientific problems related to the development of new composite materials, catalysts and sorbents in water treatment technologies. Natural layered silicates have a number of unique properties, such as the ability to ion exchange, high cation exchange capacity, micro- and nanoporous structure, the presence of surface active centers of different nature. Due to these properties, they are widely used as highly effective components for the separation of compounds of various natures and wastewater treatment, saturated hydrocarbons, separation of homogeneous mixtures of gases and liquids, for neutralization of radioactive isotopes, in pharmacy and cosmetology. A feature of layered silicates is the ability to intercalate polar liquids with the expansion of the interpackage space and subsequent stratification into separate layers. This property is actively used, for example, in the development of polymer-inorganic nanocomposites. The research of phase, elemental composition of clay rocks of Polozhskoye deposit with the help of modern methods of analysis – X-ray phase analysis, electron microscopy (electron microscope JSM-6390LV), IR spectroscopy (Fourier IR spectrophotometer Spectrum One (Perkin Elmer)), elemental analysis (XSAM-800 Kratos spectrometer). The gross formula of the clay mineral was calculated by elemental analysis. IR spectroscopic study showed that in the tetrahedral and octahedral positions of kaolinite there are cations Mg2 +, Fe3 + and Ti4 +. Analysis of the IR spectra of the clay mineral revealed the presence of OH groups in the interlayer space, as well as adsorbed water molecules, which significantly affect the technological properties of clay. The test sample contains mainly kaolinite (98%). X-ray phase analysis confirmed the predominant composition of the clay mineral – Àl4 (OH)8 (Si4 O10 ). According to the obtained results of the microstructure analysis, the investigated clay rock is aggregates of kaolinite with unevenly distributed oxides of iron and titanium.
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