ЕFFECT OF OSMOTIC DEHYDRATION ON THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF SORBUS AUCUPARIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32851/tnv-tech.2022.3.19Keywords:
osmotic dehydration, Sorbus aucuparia, amino acids, nutritional supplementsAbstract
The effect of osmotic dehydration on the amino acid composition of Sorbus aucuparia was studied in this work. A method for processing Sorbus aucuparia fruits is proposed, which involves preliminary freezing, which makes it possible to reduce their bitterness and increase antioxidant properties by increasing the concentration of sorbic acid. During osmotic dehydration in a concentrated sugar solution (70%), part of the water (10-15%) is removed from the berries, which makes it possible to reduce energy costs for the drying process. The results of the amino acid spectrum showed that rowan fruits contain the highest concentration of the following amino acids mg/100g: serine – 65.41; proline – 35.82, aspartic acid – 20.07, glutamic acid – 14.96 and threonine 7.23. Together with the cell sap, part of the amino acids and other biologically active substances pass into the syrup. Some amino acids diffuse by almost 50%: threonine – 2.52 mg / 100 g (from 7.23), glycine – 0.3 mg / 100 g (from 0.79), alanine – 1.67 mg / 100 g ( s 2.25), lysine – 0.46 mg/100 g (s 1.12). The highest concentrations in powders made from processed rowan berries were glutamic acid – 1570 mg / 100 g, aspartic acid – 1250 mg / 100 g, ammonia – 490 mg / 100 g, glycine – 450 mg / 100 g and serine / 100 g. Glutamic acid, contained in large quantities in powders from rowan fruits, has a stabilizing effect on products during storage. It, as an additive E620, is added to canned food, food concentrates, culinary products to enhance their taste and fats to extend the shelf life. Drying allows you to increase the concentration of amino acids in the processed products of Sorbus aucuparia berries. Powders obtained in this way can become food additives with good organoleptic properties, capable of improving the amino acid composition of food products.
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