ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS FOR IMPLEMENTING GREEN PUBLIC POLICY

Abstract

The article explores the organizational and economic instruments for implementing Green Public Policy (GPP) in Ukraine, their impact on sustainable development, and the environmental transformation of the economy. The key organizational and economic instruments of state regulation in the field of environmental policy have been identified, including legislative acts, environmental taxation, public procurement of environmentally friendly products, and digital technologies for environmental monitoring. The main legislative initiatives aimed at implementing GPP in Ukraine have been analyzed, including the laws «On Environmental Protection», «On Energy Efficiency», and «On Alternative Energy Sources». It has been determined that environmental taxation, particularly the CO₂ emissions tax, serves as an essential instrument for encouraging enterprises to adopt environmentally friendly technologies. Special attention has been given to public procurement of environmentally friendly products as an organizational and economic instrument for implementing GPP. It has been established that this instrument is an effective way for the state to influence the development of the green economy and reduce environmental impact. The role of digital technologies in the implementation of Green Public Policy has been examined, specifically the use of satellite monitoring, Big Data, and artificial intelligence to analyze the environmental situation. It has been determined that the development of such technologies facilitates effective compliance control with environmental standards and helps predict crisis situations. Additionally, the key barriers that hinder the effective implementation of GPP in Ukraine have been identified. These include insufficient support from the government and businesses, low public awareness, inadequate regulation of environmental standards, weak integration of environmental policy at the local level, and the negative impact of military actions. Possible ways to overcome these barriers have been analyzed, such as strengthening financial and legal support, promoting innovation in green technologies, conducting information campaigns, and enhancing environmental control. As a result of the research, it has been concluded that a comprehensive approach combining legal, economic, and technological solutions is necessary for the effective implementation of Green Public Policy in Ukraine. The further development of environmental regulations, the expansion of digital monitoring capabilities, and the promotion of environmental awareness among the population will contribute to the country’s sustainable development.