JUSTIFICATION OF THE MAIN PARAMETERS OF THE CALCULATION FORMULA FOR THE MAXIMUM SPRING FLOOD DISCHARGE FOR THE RIVERS OF THE KHERSON REGION

Abstract

Among the characteristics of the hydrological regime of rivers, the maximum spring flood discharge occupies a special place due to the exceptional importance it has in scientific and practical research, as well as in the design and operation of hydraulic structures on rivers.The conditions for the formation of extreme values of maximum runoff, their frequency of occurrence, and long-term trends are among the most important hydrological practical calculations. If the calculations for predicting the maximum runoff of spring floodwaters of rivers are not sufficiently reliable (substantiated), they can lead to both material losses as a result of the destruction of hydraulic structures and unexpected catastrophic consequences for settlements located downstream. And sometimes even lead to human casualties.All this places high responsibility on designers when setting the design maximum flow. But, on the other hand, creating an unreasonably large water reserve leads to an overestimation of the estimated cost of the structure, which lowers its profitability. In fact, when calculating the maximum flow, one has to deal with the need to simultaneously solve two opposing conditions: the safety of the structure during its operation and economic efficiency. Despite the fact that the characteristics of the maximum flow of spring floodplain rivers are widely used, their determination in conditions limited by initial data is insufficiently studied in theoretical and practical terms. Modern regulatory documents in force in Ukraine use many years of experience in theoretical and practical hydrological calculations accumulated by research institutes and water management design institutions.